Some asbestos claims revolve around the presence or absence of asbestos bodies in lung tissue. Any interpretation of this finding (presence or absence) must be balanced with the worker exposure history and associated lung pathology.
An individual ferruginous body has a much greater mass than the uncoated fiber and, as a result, can be seen under the light microscope. Ferruginous bodies are often looked for in lung tissue to prove exposure. However, an asbestos fiber is not the only fiber that may be coated with iron in the body; glass and cotton fibers, talc, and graphite can also become coated with iron. When this happens, they are indistinguishable from true asbestos bodies under the light microscope, which can pose problems for victims.
Because asbestos fibers can be inhaled, the main medical concern is lung or respiratory disease due to asbestos exposure. Disease can come about because of the body's reaction to the inhaled asbestos fibers, usually the formation of scar tissue. Scar tissue replaces normal lung tissue and, when extensive, can interfere with respiration. In addition, asbestos scar tissue in the lungs can lead to lung cancer.
Many times, diseases from asbestos bodies can take two or more decades to develop from the time of first exposure. The more extensive and longer the asbestos exposure, the more risk an individual has for developing disease from asbestos fibers’ years later.
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